Individual:
http://rdf.iit.demokritos.gr/2014/iaeaSafetyGlossary/id702
Annotations (2)
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nreo:canonicalLabel "source" (en)
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skos:definition "1. Anything that may cause 'radiation' 'exposure' — such as by emitting <br/>
'ionizing radiation' or by releasing 'radioactive substances' or 'material' — and can <br/>be treated as a single entity for 'protection and safety' purposes.<br/>
For example, materials emitting 'radon' are 'sources' in the environment, a <br/>sterilization gamma irradiation unit is a 'source' for the 'practice' of <i>radiation<br/></i>preservation of food, an X ray unit may be a 'source' for the 'practice' of <br/>radiodiagnosis; a nuclear power plant is part of the 'practice' of generating <br/>electricity by nuclear fission, and may be regarded as a 'source' (e.g. with <br/>respect to 'discharges' to the environment) or as a collection of 'sources' (e.g. for <br/>occupational 'radiation protection' purposes). A complex or multiple <br/>installation situated at one location or site may, as appropriate, be considered <br/>a single 'source' for the purposes of application of international <i>safety <br/>standards</i>.<br/>
<i><b>natural source.</b></i> A naturally occurring 'source' of 'radiation', such as the sun <br/>and stars ('sources' of cosmic 'radiation') and rocks and soil (terrestrial <br/>'sources' of 'radiation').<br/>
Examples of 'natural sources' include <i>naturally occurring radioactive material <br/>(NORM)</i> associated with the processing of raw materials (i.e. feedstocks, <br/>intermediate products, final products, co-products and 'waste').<br/>
[<i><b>radiation source.</b></i> A 'radiation' generator, or a 'radioactive source' or other <br/>'radioactive material' outside the 'nuclear fuel cycles' of research and power <br/>reactors.] (Defined in the 2001 edition of the Code of Conduct on the <br/>Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources, but not included in the 2004 <br/>edition (see Ref. [11]).)<br/>
2.' Radioactive material' used as a 'source' of 'radiation'.<br/>
Such as those sources used for medical applications or in industrial <br/>instruments. These are, of course, 'sources' as defined in (1), but this usage is <br/>less general.<br/>
<i><b>dangerous source.</b></i> A 'source' that could, if not under 'control', give rise to <br/>'exposure' sufficient to cause 'severe deterministic effects'. This <br/>categorization is used for determining the need for <i>emergency response <br/>arrangements</i> and is not to be confused with categorizations of 'sources' for <br/>other purposes.<br/>
<i><b>disused source.</b></i> A 'radioactive source' that is no longer used, and is not <br/>intended to be used, for the 'practice' for which an 'authorization' has been <br/>granted. (From Ref. [11].)<br/>
The Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the <br/>Safety of Radioactive Waste Management [5] refers to “disused <i>sealed <br/>sources</i>”, but does not define them. On the basis of this definition of <i>disused <br/>source</i> and the definition of 'sealed source' (see below), a disused <i>sealed source<br/></i>is a 'radioactive source' comprising 'radioactive material' that is permanently <br/>sealed in a capsule or closely bonded and in a solid form (excluding reactor <br/>'fuel elements') that is no longer used, and is not intended to be used, for the <br/>'practice' for which an 'authorization' has been granted.<br/>
<b>!</b> Note that a 'disused source' may still represent a significant radiological hazard. <br/>
It differs from a 'spent source' in that it may still be capable of performing its <br/>function; it may be disused because it is no longer needed.<br/>
<i><b>orphan source.</b></i> A 'radioactive source' which is not under <i>regulatory <br/>control</i>, either because it has never been under 'regulatory control' or <br/>because it has been abandoned, lost, misplaced, stolen or otherwise <br/>transferred without proper 'authorization'. (From Ref. [11].)<br/>
<i><b>radioactive source.</b></i> ['Radioactive material' that is permanently sealed in a <br/>capsule or closely bonded and in a solid form and which is not exempt <br/>from 'regulatory control'. This also includes any <i>radioactive material<br/></i>released if the 'radioactive source' is leaking or broken, but does not <br/>include material encapsulated for 'disposal', or 'nuclear material' within the <br/>'nuclear fuel cycles' of research and power reactors.] (From Ref. [11].)<br/>
This definition is particular to the Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security <br/>of Radioactive Sources [11].<br/>
<i><b>sealed source.</b></i> 'Radioactive material' that is (a) permanently sealed in a <br/>capsule or (b) closely bonded and in a solid form.<br/>
The Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the <br/>Safety of Radioactive Waste Management definition [5] is identical, except <br/>that the words “excluding reactor 'fuel elements'” are added. The BSS <br/>definition [1] is as above11, but continues: “The capsule or material of a <i>sealed <br/>source</i> shall be strong enough to maintain leaktightness under the conditions <br/>of use and wear for which the 'source' was designed, also under foreseeable <br/>mishaps.”<br/>The term 'special form radioactive material', used in the context of 'transport' of <br/>'radioactive material', has essentially the same meaning.<br/>Disused 'sealed source': see 'Source:' 'disused source'.<br/>
<i><b>spent source.</b></i> A 'source' that is no longer suitable for its intended purpose <br/>as a result of 'radioactive' decay.<br/>
<b>!</b> Note that a 'spent source' may still represent a radiological hazard.<br/>
<i><b>unsealed source.</b></i> A 'source' that does not meet the definition of a <i>sealed <br/>source</i>.<br/>
<i><b>vulnerable source.</b></i> A 'radioactive source' for which the 'control' is <br/>inadequate to provide assurance of long term 'safety' and 'security', such that <br/>it could relatively easily be acquired by unauthorized persons.<br/>" (en)
Types (1)
Usage (61)